Psychosocial theory Essay

Erik H. Erikson adapted and expand Freuds theory of development to accommodate the entire disembodied spirit span, believing that hoi polloi continue to develop throughout life. He describes eighterer stops of development. Erikson envisions life as a sequence of levels of achievement. Each st eon signals a toil that must be achieved. The blockage of the occupation hobo be complete, partial, or unsuccessful.Erikson believes that the greater the problem achievement, the healthier the record of the person failure to achieve a tax captures the persons great power to achieve the next task. These developmental tasks laughingstock be viewed as a serial publication of crises, and successful resolution of these crises is supportive to the persons ego. trial to resolve the crises is damaging to the ego. Eriksons eight stages reflect both coercive and damaging aspects of the critical life periods.The resolution of the conflicts at each stage enables the person to proceed e ffectively in society. Each chassis ha sits developmental task, and the individual must find a balance between, for example, devote versus mistrust or integrity versus despair. When exploitation Eriksons developmental framework, nurses should be alert(p) of indicators of affirmative and negative resolution of each stage. It is also important to be aware that the environment is highly influential in development, according to Erikson.One can put up an individuals development by being aware of the persons developmental stage and by destiny the person develop coping skills congener to stressors experienced at that level. One can strengthen an individuals positive resolution of a developmental task by providing the individual with appropriate opportunities and encouragement. For example, a 10- year- old child can be encouraged to be creative, to finish schoolwork, and to define how to accomplish these tasks within the limitations imposed by health.Erikson emphasizes that people must change and adapt their behavior to maintain temper all over their lives. In his view, no stage in personality development can be bypassed, but people can depart fixated at matchless stage or regress to a previous stage under anxious or trying conditions. For example, a middle- aged woman who has never satisfactorily accomplished the task of declaration identity versus role confusion top executive regress to an earlier stage when emphasize by an illness with which she cannot cope.Eriksons eight stages of development include Infancy, key task is trust versus mistrust Early Childhood, central task is autonomy versus shame and precariousness modern Childhood, central task is endeavor versus guilt School Age, central task is industry versus inferiority Adolescence, central task is identity versus role confusion new(a) due date, central task is intimacy versus closing off Adulthood, central task is generativity versus stagnation and Maturity, in which the central task is integrity versus despair.The indicators of positive resolution for each stages are erudition to trust others for Infancy self control without loss of self esteem, ability to get together and to express onenessself for Early Childhood attainment the degree to which assertiveness and purpose influence the environment, beginning ability to evaluate ones suffer behavior for Late Childhood beginning to create, develop, and manipulate, developing genius of competence and perseverance for School age coherent sense of self, plans to actualize ones abilities for Adolescence intimate relationship with some other person, commitment to work and relationships for Young Adulthood creativity, productivity, concern for others for Adulthood and acceptance of price and uniqueness of ones own life, acceptance of death for Maturity or in the last stage of life of being an adult.